What Are The Major Equipments Used During Coal Contour Strip Mining

Coal seams and associated overburden can outcrop on the edges of hills and mountains Figure 3 shows a cross section of a typical contour mine plan Contour surface mining takes advantage of the low strip ratio coal reserves adjacent to the outcrop Contour mining equipment includes a drill loader bulldozers and trucks

Highwall mining is a coal mining method for recovery of outcropped coal by mechanical Figures 1a and 1b show histograms of production sizes for metal mines operated during between 1988 and 1997 in the western world Open pit mining is the most common underground mining equipment is specialized and expensive

Now mining companies are using a combination of advanced equipment soil samples and chemicals to locate coal gemstones and metals that are lodged deep within the layers of the earth The technology used is called Mobile Metal Ion Geochemistry or MMI which successfully predicts the material deposits in a landscape

The following mine recovery factors are used for this study 1 For contour strip mines 78% where the coal seam is less than 36 in thick and 93% where the coal seam is greater than 36 in thick 2 For auger mines 30% 3 For continuous miner mines 62% where the pillars are 40 ft by 40 ft and 57% where the pillars are 80 ft by 120 ft

3 It is safer than underground mining Given that strip mining just covers the surface workers aren t exposed to risks like the collapse of a tunnel a risk that is inherent in underground mining Also companies are required to reclaim any land they use for strip mining This simply means that they have to fill the removed areas with topsoil and replant them with vegetation

This method is further divided into 4 categories Strip mining open pit mining high wall mining and mountaintop removal Surface mining is commonly used for mining coal and lignite Placer Mining It is used to sift out metals which are valuable from sediments in river channels beach sands etc

Contour mining occurring in mountainous terrain follows a coal seam along the side of the hill When contour mining becomes too expensive additional coal can often be produced from the mine s highwall by the use of augers or highwall miners Open pit mining is usually found where coal seams are thick and can reach depths of hundreds of feet

ANALOG AND DIGITAL TECHNIQUES APPLIIED TO STRIP MINING IN^ The largest contour strip mining operations in the major coal seams in this area are the Pittsburg

Strippable Coal in Central Rosebud SELECTED DEPOSITS OF STRIPPABLE COAL IN CENTRAL ROSEBUD COUNTY MONTANA suited to strip mining The coal in each deposit is

Surface mining is conducted by two basic methods contour strip mining and area mining Contour strip mines are used in hilly or rolling country such as occurs in the Appalachian coal mining region Overburden excavations follow the contour of the coal outcrop along the hillside resulting in long sinuous bands of strip mined land surrounding

Surface mining at these scales is more economical for coal companies safer for miners and coal operators say essential for mining the thin seams of lower sulfur coal more valuable in today s market With dynamite and immense machines surface mines can produce more than two to three times as much coal per miner as underground mines can

Coal Law from the Old World A Perspective on Land Use and widespread in the strip mining of coal mining performance and in the major coal

SURFACE MINING ≠ STRIP MINING Although sometimes mistakenly referred to as strip mining oil sands is actually mined from an open pit below several meters of mining is the mining of a relatively flat deposit very close to the surface commonly used in coal or phosphate industries

Knight Hawk Coal of Percy Illinois is pursuing a 160 acre strip of land to expand coal mining near Pyramid State Park Illinois biggest state park During their spring session 2021 Illinois lawmakers signed off on a plan for the state to lease the strip at the edge of Pyramid State Park to Knight Hawk who hope to use the land as a staging

The Problem of Reclamation of Derelict Land After Coal Strip Mining in Appalachia spoil removed during che mining process

Contour strip mining coal or tar sand Strip mining is only practic al when the ore body to be excava ted is strip mining is used to extr act the oil impregnated sand in the

Machineries with bucket wheel trucks are used to excavate the coal The open pit or surface mining uses the land only for the temporary use later rehabilitations of the lands are done after the extraction of the coal The surface techniques can be classified into contour strip mining area strip mining open pit mining and auger mining

Mining Equipment of the late 1800s Historical mining equipment used in the American West including the miner s candlestick the miner s hat the lunch bucket

A revival of the controversial strip mining practice is stirring ire and called "contour mining " when the life was shaped by the coal mining

Reclamation is generally concurrent with mining Strip mining is commonly used for mining coal seams and phosphate beds In hilly terrain the mining of the overburden and the deposit usually a coal seam follows the contour around the hill and into the hillside up to the economic limits; hence it is called contour mining

Typical dragline strip mining operation • Strip mining is accomplished by two techniques area stripping and contour stripping • Where coal beds are relatively flat and near the surface area stripping is the dominant technique In area strip mining overlying material is removed from a seam of coal in long narrow bands or strips followed by removal of the exposed coal

Old King Coal and the Merry Rapists of Appalachia surface mining is a major industry The second kind of strip mining contour stripping

The earliest of these notes date from the 1830s during the Hard Times one of the worst financial panics in the nation s history This type of coal currency continued through most of the nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries especially in some of the major coal bearing regions of Kentucky Ohio Oklahoma Pennsylvania and Tennessee

Surface Mining Methods It is most commonly used to mine coal or tar sand Strip mining is only practical when Used in strip mining 45 Contour Mining in

equipment Shortwall mining is similar to longwall mining but it is used where the coal face is smaller Although the first mining done in the United States was the forerunner of strip mining strip mining itself did not begin until the mid nineteenth century Strip mining or surface mining is used to mine coal located near the surface of the

Choosing a mining method The various methods of mining a coal seam can be classified under two headings surface mining and underground mining Surface and underground coal mining are broad activities that incorporate numerous variations in equipment and methods and the choice of which method to use in extracting a coal seam depends on many technological economic and social factors

Life Cycle Assessment of Coal fired Power Production the coal being surface mined by strip mining or by the underground technique of Other major air emissions

Back to E&E News index page COAL Art activism mix in airborne crusade against strip mining Dylan Brown E&E News reporter Greenwire Tuesday

Strip mining can be used to remove coal clay limestone and other minerals but coal is the most important mineral extensively removed by stripping operations The statistics for 1972 coal production showed that the output from strip mines

Open pit mining is an extremely effective surface mining technique for extracting minerals coal and other useful materials that are covered by relatively thin overburden layers However it takes the right equipment to penetrate the surface rock and reach the underlying layer in a timely and efficient manner

Section Coal surface mining definitions As used in this chapter A Approximate original contour means that surface configuration achieved by backfilling and grading of a mined area so that the reclaimed area including any terracing or access roads closely resembles the general surface configuration of the land prior to mining

There are 6 main components of the Often the trees are not even used commercially in the rush to get the coal Mountaintop Removal and Strip Mining Home

Open Pit Mining Open pit mining General Overview; is a type of strip mining in which the ore deposit extends very Overburden is removed during surface

The Pros of Strip Mining 1 High Recovery Rate Other forms of mining do not guarantee the same rate of return as strip mining does Materials are recovered at a rate of up to 90 percent during strip mining which is a much higher recovery rate than most forms of mining can promise Tunnel mining for instance only offers users a potential